Salt Water
November 10th, 2009
How can I explain how salt decreases the freezing point of water?
OK, I did an experiment where I salt water and regular water in a freezer and observing what a solidified first. The regular water froze first, and then the salt water froze seconds. And for the next part, I describe my experiment, why this has happened. That's what I'm having alittle problem with. How can I explain how salt affects the freezing point of water? Thank you!
Salt lowers the temperature at which water freezes and melts. Pure water, H2O, freezes (and melts) at 0 ° C (32 ° F). But the more "salt" (all elements or Compounds through the water carried in solution, such as Na (sodium), Ca (calcium), Cl (chloride) and SO4 (sulfate)) in water, the lower the freezing point. For example, sea water, which has about 3500 parts per million "salt" (including Na, Ca, Cl, SO4, Mg, K, and) CO3, freeze (and melt) -2.2 ° C. A water with extreme salinity such as very salty water of the lake in Death Valley, California (approximately 300,000 parts per million "salt") crashes melt at temperatures down to -20 to -30 ° C! Since salt lowers the freezing point depression, it has to melt icy roads around the ice. The reason why salt lowers the freezing point of water is a little difficult to explain, without resorting to complex chemistry. Basically, pure water, H2O, is a different substance than salt water, such as NaCl-H2O. As the various substances they have different chemical properties. Salt "in the way comes," the interactions between H and O, making it harder for the H-and O-bound as ice. They can easily do processes in the lab or classroom illustrating this principle. Fill two containers with water and put salt in a container with water only. Place both containers) somewhere cold (in the freezer or even outside overnight. See what happens! Kathy Benison Asst. Professor of Geology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI
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